Where the renowned oracle of Trophonius once stood, on a wild and steep hill, the Byzantines and later the Catalans left their mark on the walls of a castle that embraced the Byzantine chapel of Agia Sophia; a chapel of unique importance to them, as it held the Holy Relic of the Head of St George, protector of the kings of the Aragonese house. During the Greek War of Independence of 1821, the castle of Livadia served as a refuge for thousands of revolutionaries who defended themselves here for 17 days, while it was abandoned after the Greek revolution.