The church of Panagia Kapnikarea is dedicated to the Presentation of Mary to the Temple. It was erected just after the mid-11th century and is generally known as Kapnikarea. A theory suggests that the name originates in the discovery of the icon of the Virgin Mary in one piece but completely sooty after the Ottomans set the town of Athens on fire in 1689. Another view derives the name from the last name of the church’s donor (Kapnikaris), who was a collector of a tax aimed at all residential buildings introduced by the Byzantine emperor Nicephorus I (802–811). He was an expert in finance and imposed a tax on fireplaces. The church was originally the katholikon of a monastery. The dome is of the so-called Athenian type with an octagonal drum with marble colonettes at the tips and animal-figured waterspouts, while the stone blocks on the external surfaces of the walls are made of seashells.