We have one more place to visit, and one more remarkable story to share with you. It’s a five minute walk to the Rosenstraße memorial, and while we’re walking, let’s discuss what we are about to visit. By early 1943, the majority of Berlin’s Jews—those who had not gotten away earlier--had been arrested and most of them had been deported to ghettos, concentration camps or death camps. But a few thousand Jewish men remained in the city, and they either worked for Jewish organizations under the direction of the Nazis (they prepared records and documents for the SS), or, in the case of 1,800 Jewish men, they were married to non-Jewish women. Until early 1943, being married to a non-Jewish spouse had actually protected you from being deported. Suddenly, it didn’t. These 1,800 men were all arrested and brought to a (now destroyed) building on Rosenstraße, and were being prepared for deportation. But singly, in pairs, and in small groups, the wives of these men began gathering in front of the building to protest. By March 2nd, there were hundreds of women standing before the gates, chanting “Give us our husbands back!” On March 5, 1943, the SS brought in a large flatbed truck, which stood before the building with a machine gun on it. The women were threatened. They refused to back down. The following morning, Joseph Goebbels, the Gauleiter of Berlin, ordered all the imprisoned men released. Historians have discussed this event for years. While it was said that protesting against Nazi policies would instantly lead to arrest—and worse—here was a flagrant protest by hundreds of women who refused to back down. Maybe it was because this took place in the middle of the city that the SS chose not to gun them down, or even manhandle them, as too many witnesses would be there. We honestly don’t know. But we do know those 1,800 men walked out of the building and were not bothered again for the duration of the war. In the adjacent park there are two sets of statues to commemorate the protests, but you will notice there is very little context or explanation. The statues were designed by Ingborg Hunzinger and were placed here in 1995.